Judgment, determination, decision, finding, ruling, verdict, conclude等词在法律程序中频繁使用，因为中英语言的差异、地域的划分以及语境的不同等，翻译也经常不一致，以下大概列出了一些常见翻译供参考：

1.       judgment/judgement判决、判决书，至于judgment和judgement的区分，大体可以说加拿大、美国一般用judgment，英国、澳大利亚在日常语境中用judgement的多一些，在法律或学术语境中，用judgment的多些。整体来说，judgment比judgement在法律语境中用的多。

judgment creditor判定债权人 judgment rate判定利率

2.       determination裁定、判定、决定、审裁

3.       decision/decides that决定、认为、裁决

4.       finding / finds that裁断、认定、裁定、裁决

5.       ruling / rules that判定、裁定，通常指法院根据程序法作出的裁定、判定 specified ruling指明判定

6.       good grounds to conclude that 有充分理由断定

conclusion结论、结果

7.       adjudicate判定、判决、裁定

adjudication 审裁、裁定

adjudication submission审裁陈词adjudication proceedings审裁程序 adjudication officer 仲裁官、Minor Employment Claims Adjudication Board小额薪酬索偿仲裁处adjudication fee裁定费

8.       verdict 裁决，通常指陪审团或法官作出的裁决，尤指陪审团作出的裁决

9.       award 裁决，通常指仲裁庭的裁决。另也可译为判处

10.    pronouncement 宣告

11.    order命令、指令

instruction指令 direction指示

以下摘自（未按上述顺序）香港官方法律文书的中英对照，供参考：

1.       When the Commissioner receives the employer’s reference under subsection (5), he may make a determination to—(a) uphold the employee’s request; (b) rule that the employee’s request is not supported; (c) make such other rulings as he considers reasonable.

当处长接获根据第(5)款作出的雇主的转介，他可作出决定，以 ——(a)维持雇员的要求；(b)裁定雇员的要求是没有理据的；(c)作出他认为合理的裁定。

2.       In his statement of defence, or at a later stage in the determination proceedings if the adjudicator decides that the delay was justified under the circumstances, the respondent may make a counter-claim arising out of the same agreement or rely on a claim arising out of the same agreement for the purpose of a set-off.

答辩人可在其抗辩陈述书内提出产生自同一协议的反申索，或依据产生自同一协议的申索作为抵销项目；如答辩人延迟行事，而审裁员裁定在有关情况下该延迟是有充分理由的，则答辩人亦可在审裁程序的较后阶段提出上述的反申索或依据上述申索作为抵销项目。

3.       If the court decides that the appeal is to be expedited, it may order an adjournment.

法庭如决定加快处理上诉，则可命令将有关审讯押后。

4.       If the Court of Appeal confirms a specified ruling made in relation to an offence, it must order that the defendant be acquitted of that offence.

上诉法庭如确认就某罪行而作出的指明判定，则须命令就该罪行而言，有关被告人获判无罪。

5.       final judgment (终审判决), in relation to any action brought in Hong Kong, shall be construed as including any award, order or other determination of a final nature;

终审判决 (final judgment)就任何在香港提出的诉讼而言，须解释为包括任何最终的裁断、命令或其他判定。

6.       annul the bankruptcy order by which he was adjudged bankrupt

废止该债务人据之而被判定破产的破产令

7.       Take notice that (on the complaint of                          ) this Court has this day adjudged that the recognizance entered into by you on the                day of                19        , be forfeited and that you pay the sum of(and                  for costs) to be paid forthwith (or not later than the                day of                    19        ).

(经                                提出申诉后，)本法院今日判决你在19          年          月          日作出的担保的承诺须予履行，你须立即(或在19          年          月          日或之前)缴付该笔                的款项(及一笔                       的款项作为讼费)。

8.       The certificate of a master, mate or engineer may be cancelled or suspended—(a)if the court finds that loss or abandonment of, or serious damage to, any ship, or loss of life, has been caused by his wrongful act or default; or…

船长、副长或轮机员的证书可在下列情况下被取消或暂时吊销 ——(a)如法庭裁定任何船舶的失踪或被弃或严重损毁，或有死亡事件，是因他的错误作为或失责所引致；或……

9.       Taking into account any observations which may have been submitted by the State Party concerned, as well as any other relevant information available to it, the Committee may, if it decides that this is warranted, designate one or more of its members to make a confidential inquiry and to report to the Committee urgently.

考虑到有关缔约国可能提出的任何说明以及可能得到的其他有关情报，如果委员会认为有正当理由，它可以指派1名或1名以上成员进行秘密调查并立即向委员会报告。

10.    The appropriate tribunal hearing a case may, at any time within 7 days after having announced its finding or award to the defaulter, review the case and arrive at a fresh finding or award which, subject to paragraph (3), is to be substituted for the original finding or award.

聆讯个案的适当审裁体在向违纪者宣布其裁断或判处后的7日内，可随时复核该个案，并可作出新的裁断或判处。在符合第(3)款的规定下，新的裁断或判处须取代原来的裁断或判处。

11.    A decision of the Tribunal and the reasons for it may be delivered orally or in writing as the Tribunal thinks fit.

审裁处的裁决及裁决的理由，可视乎审裁处认为合适，以口头或书面宣告。

12.    A renewal to the Court after refusal by the Judge may well result in a direction for the loss of time, if the Court comes to the conclusion that there was no justification for the renewal. If the Judge has already directed that you lose time, the Court may direct that you lose more time.

如上诉法庭的结论是并无重新申请的理由，经法官拒绝后向上诉法庭重新申请很可能会导致作出损失时间的指示。如法官已指示你损失时间，上诉法庭可指示你损失更多时间。