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“As of” 是英语中常用的介词短语,主要用于标明时间点,表示某一情况、状态或规则从该时间点开始生效,或截止到该时间点的情况。以下是其常见用法及例句:
一、核心用法:时间节点标记
"As of" 的核心功能是标记一个明确的时间点,说明某状态、规则或数据在此时间点的生效起点或截止状态。
1. 生效起点(Starting Point)
表示规则、状态或动作从某时间点开始生效,类似 "from",但更正式。
例句:
As of tomorrow, the new parking fees will apply. (明日起将实施新的停车费标准。)
The policy takes effect as of July 1st. (该政策自7月1日起生效。)
2. 截止状态(Status Up To)
表示某数据或状态截至某时间点的情况,类似 "up to" 或 "by"。
例句:
As of this morning, 500 tickets had been sold. (截至今晨,已售出500张票。)
The company had 1,000 employees as of 2023. (截至2023年,公司有1000名员工。)
二、特殊场景用法
1. 法律/合同中的「追溯效力」
在正式文件中,"as of" 可表示规则从过去某个时间点生效(即使文件签署时间晚于该日期)。
例句:
Your salary increase will be retroactive as of April 1st. (你的加薪将追溯至4月1日生效。)
2. 口语中的「即时变化」
口语中 "as of now" 可强调立即生效的变化,带有紧迫感。
例句:
As of now, all meetings are canceled. (即日起,所有会议取消。)
As of this moment, I quit! (此刻起,我辞职!)
3. 假设性时间点
在假设或计划中标记未来时间点,表示预期状态。
例句:
As of next year, this building will be demolished. (明年此时,这栋楼将被拆除。)
三、易混淆点辨析
1. "As of" vs. "As from"
As of: 更通用,口语和书面均可,强调时间节点本身。
As from: 更正式,多用于法律文件,强调“起始点”。
✅ Your contract begins as from Monday. (合同自周一起生效。)
2. "As of" vs. "Since"
As of: 强调时间点的状态,不涉及延续性。
Since: 强调从过去某时间点持续到现在的动作或状态。
✅ As of 2020, the population was 5 million. (截至2020年人口为500万。)
✅ The population has grown since 2020. (自2020年以来人口持续增长。)
3. "As of" vs. "As for"
As of: 时间相关。
As for: 话题转移,意为“至于”。
✅ As of today, the store closes at 8 PM.
✅ As for your complaint, we will investigate.